The 5 yen coin (äº"円硬貨, Go-en kÅka) is one denomination of Japanese yen. The current design was first minted in 1959 using Japanese characters known as the "new script", and were also minted from 1948â€"1958 using "old-script" Japanese characters. Five-yen coins date to 1870 (when, due to the much higher value of the yen, they were minted in gold). The modern-day coin was first produced in 1948 with a different styled inscription. This was changed in 1959 and the design has remained unchanged since.
The front of the coin depicts a rice plant growing out of the water, with "five yen" written in kanji; the back is stamped with "Japan" and the year of issue, also in kanji, separated by sprouts of a tree. The three graphic elements of the coin represent agriculture and fisheries, the key elements of the Japanese first-sector economy. Around a hole, there is a gear that represents industry. It is the only Japanese coin in circulation to lack Hindu-Arabic numerals on either face.
Cultural significance
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The Japanese for "five yen," go en (äº"円) is a homophone with go-en (御ç¸), "en" being a word for causal connection or relationship, and "go" being a respectful prefix. As a result, five-yen coins are commonly given as donations at Shinto shrines with the intention of establishing a good connection with the deity of the shrine, and is widely believed it is best to insert a single five-yen coin into a new wallet before inserting any other money.
Use in nuclear accident investigation
Following the nuclear accident at Tokai, Ibaraki in 1999, physicists Masuchika Kohno and Yoshinobu Koizumi showed how this coin could be used to estimate neutron dosage to the surrounding population, by measuring its zinc isotope ratios. They write:
The Japanese 5-yen coin is about 22 millimeters in diameter and 1.5 mm thick, weighs 3.75 grams and has a central hole 5 mm wide. We chose this coin for monitoring neutron exposure because it is widely circulated, the zinc content is precisely controlled, and the generated has a convenient half-life (244.1 days) and gamma ray energy emission (1,115.5 keV). To obtain a record of the dosage of neutrons released as a result of the accident, we collected exposed coins from people's houses at distances 100â€"550 m from the facility.
They concluded that the coin could offer information about the total neutron effect during the accident, and about shielding by modern Japanese houses, given that the coins were recovered from indoors.
Composition
Circulation figures
Meiji
The following are circulation figures for the coins that were minted between the 3rd, and the 45th and last year of Meiji's reign. Coins for this period all begin with the Japanese symbol 明治 (Meiji). One yen trade dollars and/or patterns are not included here.
- Inscriptions on Japanese coins from this period are read clockwise from right to left:
"Year" ↠"Number representing year of reign" ↠"Emperor's name" (Ex: å¹´ ↠äº"å三 ↠治明)
TaishÅ
The following are circulation figures for the coins that were minted during the 2nd and 13th year of TaishÅ's reign. Coins from this period all begin with the Japanese symbol å¤§æ£ (TaishÅ).
- Inscriptions on Japanese coins from this period are read clockwise from right to left:
- "Year" ↠"Number representing year of reign" ↠"Emperor's name" (Ex: å¹´ ↠三å ↠æ£å¤§)
ShÅwa
The following are circulation dates which cover Emperor Hirohito's reign. The dates below correspond with the 23rd to the 64th year (last) of his reign. All five yen coins that were made before 1959 use kyÅ«jitai, or old script Japanese. In 1949 only, two different styles of writing were used before a more modern one was established in 1950. This second style of writing was used until 1958 when the current script of Japanese took its place in the following year. Coins for this period will all begin with the Japanese symbol æ˜å'Œ (ShÅwa).
- Japanese coins are read with a left to right format:
- "Emperor's name" â†' "Number representing year of reign" â†' "Year" (Ex: æ˜å'Œ â†' å››åå…« â†' å¹´).
Heisei
The following are circulation dates in the reign of the current Emperor. Akihito was crowned in 1989, which is marked with a å…ƒ symbol on the coin as a one year type. Coins for this period all begin with the Japanese symbol å¹³æˆ (Heisei).
- Japanese coins are read with a left to right format:
- "Emperors name" â†' "Number representing year of reign" â†' "Year" (Ex: å¹³æˆ â†' 二åå… â†' å¹´).
Reiwa
The following are circulation dates in the reign of the current Emperor. Naruhito's accession to the Crysanthemum Throne took place on May 1, 2019 and he was formally enthroned on October 22, 2019. Coins for this period all begin with the Japanese symbol 令å'Œ (Reiwa). The inaugural year coin (2019) was marked å…ƒ (first) and debuted during the summer of that year.
Notes
References
External links
- The front sides of two five yen coins.
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